https://www.niskanencenter.org/washington-dc-crime-decline-and-its-lessons-for-american-policing/

“Guard brought was a massive, sudden shock from the visible presence of uniformed military personnel on the streets of Washington almost overnight. For crimes driven by opportunistic calculation, that visibility appears to have mattered. For violent crime, which is less deterrable by patrol presence alone, it did not.”

MPLS also doing the upstream thing